There’s quite a few posts & links that people have repeatedly used to as references. Let’s collect 'em (and maybe move some into this thread for ease of updating)!
If you’re looking for which worlds to find gems on (and a bunch of other helpful tips!), take a look at @OmniUno’s article
| Resource | Altitude Range | Surface Distance | Liquid Distance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Soft Coal Seam | any | 5+ | |
| Coal Seam | any | 20+ | |
| Hard Coal Seam | any | 50+ | |
| Copper Seam | any | 2+ | |
| Iron Seam | any | 5+ | |
| Silver Seam | 10-40 | 20-70 | |
| Gold Seam | 10-20 | 25+ | |
| Titanium Seam | any | 70+ | |
| Amethyst Seam | 0-20 | 5-60 | 0-25 |
| Diamond Seam | 0-30 | 70+ | |
| Emerald Seam | 0-20 | 2-60 | 10+ |
| Topaz Seam | 90+ | 10+ | |
| Ruby Seam | 10-15 | 50-70 | |
| Sapphire Seam | 80-140 | 10-75 | |
| Small Fossil Seam | any | 3-40 | |
| Medium Fossil Seam | any | 5-50 | |
| Large Fossil Seam | any | 5-60 | |
| Ancient Tech Remnant Seam | 20+ | 3+ | |
| Ancient Tech Component Seam | 40+ | 5+ | |
| Ancient Tech Device Seam | 75+ | 5+ |
| Resource | Altitude Range | Surface Distance | Liquid Distance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Soft Coal Seam | any (20+) | 5+ (10+) | |
| Coal Seam | any (25-45) | 20+ (40+) | |
| Hard Coal Seam | any (0-20) | 50+ (80+) | |
| Copper Seam | any (35-140) | 2+ (5-30) | |
| Iron Seam | any (20-120) | 5+ (30-70) | |
| Silver Seam | 10-40 (20-30) | 20-70 (30-60) | |
| Gold Seam | 10-20 (10-20) | 25+ (40+) | |
| Titanium Seam | any (10-230) | 70+ (90+) | |
| Amethyst Seam | 0-20 (0-15) | 5-60 (10-30) | 0-25 (1-15) |
| Diamond Seam | 0-30 (0-10) | 70+ (90+) | |
| Emerald Seam | 0-20 (0-15) | 2-60 (5-15) | 10+ (20+) |
| Topaz Seam | 90+ (130+) | 10+ (20+) | |
| Ruby Seam | 10-15 (10-15) | 50-70 (50-70) | |
| Sapphire Seam | 80-140 (95-125) | 10-75 (20-40) | |
| Small Fossil Seam | any | 3-40 (10-30) | |
| Medium Fossil Seam | any | 5-50 (20-40) | |
| Large Fossil Seam | any | 5-60 (30-50) | |
| Ancient Tech Remnant Seam | 20+ (40+) | 3+ (10-30) | |
| Ancient Tech Component Seam | 40+ (75+) | 5+ (10-60) | |
| Ancient Tech Device Seam | 75+ (110+) | 5+ (10-90) |
Some notes:
For example: Emeralds spawn at altitude 0-20, only if at least 2 blocks underground (and at most 60), and that ground is under a lake at least 10 blocks deep.
| Block | Base Prestige |
|---|---|
| Advanced Workbench Power Coil | 150 |
| Advanced Refinery Power Coil | 150 |
| Advanced Mixer Power Coil | 150 |
| Advanced Extractor Power Coil | 150 |
| Advanced Compactor Power Coil | 150 |
| Advanced Centraforge Power Coil | 150 |
| Decorative Topaz | 140 |
| Decorative Sapphire | 140 |
| Decorative Ruby | 140 |
| Decorative Emerald | 140 |
| Decorative Diamond | 140 |
| Decorative Amethyst | 140 |
| Workbench Power Coil | 100 |
| Refinery Power Coil | 100 |
| Mixer Power Coil | 100 |
| Extractor Power Coil | 100 |
| Compactor Power Coil | 100 |
| Compact Topaz | 100 |
| Compact Sapphire | 100 |
| Compact Ruby | 100 |
| Compact Emerald | 100 |
| Compact Diamond | 100 |
| Compact Amethyst | 100 |
| Centraforge Power Coil | 100 |
| Spark Generator | 80 |
| Machined Titanium Alloy | 80 |
| Refined Titanium Alloy | 70 |
| Machined Silver Alloy | 70 |
| Machined Gold Alloy | 70 |
| Refined Silver Alloy | 60 |
| Refined Gold Alloy | 60 |
| Machined Iron | 60 |
| Compact Titanium Alloy | 60 |
| Titanium Furnace Crucible | 50 |
| Titanium Furnace Base | 50 |
| Refinery | 50 |
| Refined Iron | 50 |
| Mixer | 50 |
| Machined Copper | 50 |
| Extractor | 50 |
| Compactor | 50 |
| Compact Silver Alloy | 50 |
| Compact Gold Alloy | 50 |
| Centraforge | 50 |
| Refined Copper | 40 |
| Gleam Lantern | 40 |
| Compact Iron | 40 |
| Compact Hard Coal | 36 |
| Workbench | 30 |
| Portal Conduit | 30 |
| Compact Copper | 30 |
| Iron Furnace Crucible | 25 |
| Iron Furnace Base | 25 |
| Compact Coal | 24 |
| Lantern | 15 |
| Trampoline | 12 |
| Slide | 12 |
| Ornate Gleam Trapdoor | 12 |
| Ornate Gleam Door | 12 |
| Decorative Twisted Wood | 12 |
| Decorative Sedimentary Rock 2 | 12 |
| Decorative Sedimentary Rock 1 | 12 |
| Decorative Metamorphic Rock 2 | 12 |
| Decorative Metamorphic Rock 1 | 12 |
| Decorative Lustrous Wood | 12 |
| Decorative Igneous Rock 2 | 12 |
| Decorative Igneous Rock 1 | 12 |
| Decorative Ancient Wood | 12 |
| Dark Glass | 12 |
| Compact Soft Coal | 12 |
| Topaz Torch | 10 |
| Sedimentary Brick | 10 |
| Sapphire Torch | 10 |
| Ruby Torch | 10 |
| Refined Gleam | 10 |
| Ornate Metal Trapdoor | 10 |
| Ornate Metal Door | 10 |
| Metamorphic Brick | 10 |
| Igneous Brick | 10 |
| Emerald Torch | 10 |
| Diamond Torch | 10 |
| Amethyst Torch | 10 |
| Shop Stand | 8 |
| Request Basket | 8 |
| Ornate Stone Trapdoor | 8 |
| Ornate Stone Door | 8 |
| Stylish Gleam Trapdoor | 7 |
| Stylish Gleam Door | 7 |
| Warp Conduit | 6 |
| Stylish Metal Trapdoor | 6 |
| Stylish Metal Door | 6 |
| Refined Twisted Wood | 6 |
| Refined Sedimentary Rock | 6 |
| Refined Metamorphic Rock | 6 |
| Refined Lustrous Wood | 6 |
| Refined Igneous Rock | 6 |
| Refined Ancient Wood | 6 |
| Ornate Wood Trapdoor | 6 |
| Ornate Wood Door | 6 |
| Gleam | 6 |
| Glass | 6 |
| Compact Silt | 6 |
| Compact Peat | 6 |
| Compact Clay | 6 |
| Torch | 5 |
| Table | 5 |
| Stylish Stone Trapdoor | 5 |
| Stylish Stone Door | 5 |
| Storage Shelf | 5 |
| Storage Block | 5 |
| Stone Furnace Crucible | 5 |
| Stone Furnace Base | 5 |
| Spooky Skull Lantern | 5 |
| Spooky Pumpkin Lantern | 5 |
| Spark Link | 5 |
| Sign Module | 5 |
| Sign | 5 |
| Plinth | 5 |
| Plain Gleam Trapdoor | 5 |
| Plain Gleam Door | 5 |
| Lock | 5 |
| Crafting Table | 5 |
| Chair | 5 |
| Weeping Waxcap Fungus | 4 |
| Twisted Aloba | 4 |
| Trumpet Root | 4 |
| Traveller’s Perch | 4 |
| Tinted-Burst Fungus | 4 |
| Tapered Boulder | 4 |
| Stylish Wood Trapdoor | 4 |
| Stylish Wood Door | 4 |
| Stardrop Plant | 4 |
| Spineflower | 4 |
| Spineback Plant | 4 |
| Rosetta Nox | 4 |
| Plain Metal Trapdoor | 4 |
| Plain Metal Door | 4 |
| Oortian’s Staff | 4 |
| Mottled Tar Spot Fungus | 4 |
| Glow Cap Fungus | 4 |
| Gladeflower | 4 |
| Ghostflower | 4 |
| Desert Sword | 4 |
| Clustered Tongue Fungus | 4 |
| Cloneflower | 4 |
| Branch Funnel Fungus | 4 |
| Boulder Tower | 4 |
| Boulder Ring | 4 |
| Boulder Chip | 4 |
| Beanstalk Boulder | 4 |
| Basic Boulder | 4 |
| Plain Stone Trapdoor | 3 |
| Plain Stone Door | 3 |
| Twisted Wood Timber | 2 |
| Sedimentary Stones | 2 |
| Plain Wood Trapdoor | 2 |
| Plain Wood Door | 2 |
| Metamorphic Stones | 2 |
| Lustrous Wood Timber | 2 |
| Igneous Stones | 2 |
| Basic Torch | 2 |
| Ancient Wood Timber | 2 |
Beacon prestige is calculated by adding together the base prestige value of all blocks within the beacon, and then applying a multiplier based on several factors:
I believe these are generally all calculated against the distribution of blocks in the beacon—so, in order to have a high multiplier, you need to maintain a decent balance of all of the above aspects.
Some specific numbers that we have today (from my understanding of the game files; my interpretation could be wrong here):
Variety: I’m not sure exactly how this one is calculated.
Exotic Colors: The multiplier for otherwordly colors caps out at 1.3x, if you have 30% or more of the blocks in your beacon w/ colors from other worlds.
Chiseling: The multiplier for chiseled blocks caps out at 1.2x, if you have 25% or more of the blocks in your beacon chiseled.
Built Space: The multiplier for built vs empty space caps out at 1.5x, if your beacon is 10% or less built (the rest being air)
The max multiplier (after combining them all) for a beacon is 2.5x.
All done now 
Thank you very much I have searching for a post like this one
Also useful along these lines:
https://www.theomnishop.net/where-resources-are
Most of the pages in my Resources menu are aimed at providing players with knowledge-base style information.
Why not stick these on the (official) wiki? It seems to me folks unfamiliar with the nascent player culture of Boundless may be more likely to look for references in a wiki than searching for a random post on a forum.
I mean, it’s classic wiki material.
@nevir it seems like you’re on a mission to be the most bookmarked player in my bookmarks list
Very nice, I would add a general tip thst doesn’t seem to be common knowledge that you can hunt roadrunners by grappling them with one hand and shooting them with the other.
If more people knew how to hunt them, then maybe the complaints about adrenal glands wouldn’t be so bad.
Hopefully all you need is the one bookmark now 
Bookmarked! Thanks nevir, you doing the lords work!
This is great, thanks nevir.
Where can I find a list of defects and quirks for forging?
AFAIK there isn’t one. We could start a thread to put together a list. Defects should be easier to map than quirks since defects are bound to traits, just like boons. I’ve considered putting a list together myself but I just don’t have the resources to intentionally ruin that much equipment on my own 
The defects are, as you say, the literal opposites to the boons, but my thread for boons is a bit outdated tbf
Do you know if defects for things like world regen and heal were simply omitted entirely?
I guess so, i can’t think of a way to make that a defect, other than damaging players, which definitely isn’t a thing!, and the opposite to regen is destruction, which is just default bombs 
so I guess some boons don’t have defect counterparts
Everybody who aims for the “overengineered” achievement should have a few quirks to add to the list; I’ll start a new thread for them when i get home if nobody beats me to it
I got this quirk list from @Stretchious
Forge Quirk Only Night Time
Forge Quirk Only Day Time
Forge Quirk Only High Health
Forge Quirk Only Low Health
Forge Quirk Only High Hunger
Forge Quirk Only Low Hunger
Forge Quirk Slippery Feet
Forge Quirk Bouncy Feet
Forge Quirk Sink In Water
Forge Quirk Slows You Down
Forge Quirk Jump Randomly
Forge Item Quirk Fire Randomly
Forge Quirk Creature Aggro Range Increased
Forge Quirk Drains Hunger
Forge Quirk Drains Health
Forge Item Quirk Makes Odd Sound
All of these can be applied to - SLINGBOW, TOOL, BOMBS, GRAPPLE, SPANNER, CHISEL, FIST